All Belligerents in Libya, 2011

Mourners in Majer, Libya in 2011 following a NATO airstrike which killed at least 34 civilians, according to multiple reports. Image courtesy of Sidney Kwiram/ Human Rights Watch

Belligerent
Country
Libya
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

January 11, 2017

Incident Code

LQ038

LOCATION

بنغازي‎, Ganfouda, Benghazi, Libya

Alnabaa TV reported that a foreign aircraft conducted airstrikes in Ganfouda. Its source in the Benghazi Shura Council didn’t confirm any casualties. According to Alnabaa, Ganfouda has also been hit by artillery shelling in the early morning hours and civilian infrastructure was heavily targeted in the strike. Alnabaa suspected civilians in the buildings but couldn’t confirm

Summary

First published
January 11, 2017
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

October 29, 2015

Incident Code

LQ016

LOCATION

الظهير, Al Dahir, Surt, Libya

Unidentified warplanes reportedly carried out multiple airstrikes in the east, south and west of Sirte at midnight, local media reported. According to Akhbar Alaan, “unidentified warplanes launched air strikes on the Libyan city of Sirte targeting areas occupied by an ISIS in the south and west of the city, eyewitnesses said.” There were no known

Summary

First published
October 29, 2015
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

December 20, 2014

Incident Code

LC009

LOCATION

سرت‎, Sirte, Surt, Libya

A single source, Libya in Heart, reported that “nearly 20 people” died in alleged LNA airstrike in Sirte but did not specify if they were civilians. According to the source, Nearly 20 people were killed in the bombing of the Sirte air force in Libya. Eyewitnesses confirmed that ambulances were being heard heavily. After further

Summary

First published
December 20, 2014
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Airwars civilian harm grading
Discounted
Those killed were combatants, or other parties most likely responsible.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
View Incident

Incident date

September 8, 2019

Incident Code

LC191

LOCATION

مشروع الهضبة, Hadaba project, Tarabulus, Libya

One civilian was reportedly killed by indiscriminate shelling near the Hadaba project in Tripoli. Tk Yahrouq Kl shy said: “A shell landed on the house of the Al Mishy family in the Al Hadaba project (Mashrou’ Al Hadaba), leading to the death of Abdulsalam Al Mishy.” Local reports of fighting between the GNA and LNA

Summary

First published
September 8, 2019
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Contested
Competing claims of responsibility e.g. multiple belligerents, or casualties also attributed to ground forces.
Suspected belligerents
Government of National Accord, Libyan National Army
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

October 22, 2019

Incident Code

LC223

LOCATION

مشروع الهضبة, Hadaba project, Tarabulus, Libya

One civilian was reportedly injured by indiscriminate shelling on the Hadaba project in Tripoli. The Ambulance Services Libya said: “The driver Abdul Basset al-Muqtaf, who was just injured by shrapnel in the head after rescuing some families who were hit by indiscriminate shells on their homes in the area of the project.” Al Wasat published

Summary

First published
October 22, 2019
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Contested strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerents
Government of National Accord, Libyan National Army
View Incident

Incident date

November 28, 2019

Incident Code

LC249

LOCATION

أم الأرانب: الشركة الصينية, Umm Al Aranib: Chinese company, Murzuq, Libya

Up to eleven civilians were allegedly killed by an LNA or Emirati airstrike on Umm Al Aranib. The Libya Observer said: “The Congress of Libya’s Tebu tribespeople has condemned in a statement the airstrikes of Khalifa Haftar’s forces on Um Al-Aranib on Thursday, killing a whole family – mother and her six children.” Ummm Al

Summary

First published
November 28, 2019
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
6 – 11
(6–9 children)
Civilians reported injured
3–5
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerents
Libyan National Army, United Arab Emirates Military
View Incident

Incident date

January 9, 2020

Incident Code

LC277

LOCATION

الوشكة, Al-Wushka, Surt, Libya

Two civilians, likely healthcare personnel, were reportedly killed by LNA shelling on Al-Wushka near Sirte. The Field Medicine and Support Center said that it “mourns the center’s employees: Khaled Omar Bakir (M) Hatem Ba’iyou Al Zahou (M) They are members of the Sirte field hospital affiliated to the center, who were martyred in a direct

Summary

First published
January 9, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(2 men)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Unknown
Named victims
2 named
View Incident

Incident date

March 8, 2020

Incident Code

LC309

LOCATION

عرادة, Arada, Tarabulus, Libya

Two civilians were allegedly killed and five more injured because of LNA shelling on the Arada neighbourhood of Tripoli. Al Wasat said: “The media advisor to the Ministry of Health in the GNA, Amin al-Hashemi, announced the death of two civilians and the injury of five others in a bombing of the LNA forces on

Summary

First published
March 8, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(2 men)
Civilians reported injured
5
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
Named victims
7 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

April 11, 2020

Incident Code

LC340

LOCATION

قصر بن غشير, Qasr Bin Gashir, Tarabulus, Libya

One civilian was allegedly killed by indiscriminate artillery shelling on Qasr Bin Gashir. Tk Yahroug Kl shy said: “The citizen Muhammad Ramadan Al-Warfali has died as a result of a random shell landing in front of his house in Qasr Bin Gashir area.” Local reports of fighting point at the GNA or LNA as the

Summary

First published
April 11, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerents
Government of National Accord, Libyan National Army
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

April 27, 2020

Incident Code

LC371

LOCATION

الشريدات, Sharidat, Tarabulus, Libya

A woman and her son were killed and up to three other family members were injured by alleged LNA shelling on their home in Al Sharidat area, Castelverde on April 27th, 2020, according to local sources. February TV reported “the death of Mrs. Al Khadra Salem Al Falaghi and one of her children, and the

Summary

First published
April 27, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(1 woman1 man)
Civilians reported injured
2–3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan National Army
Suspected target
Unknown
Named victims
4 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

May 15, 2020

Incident Code

LC399

LOCATION

طريق اشميخ, Ashmikh Road, Misrata, Libya

Two civilians were allegedly by a Turkish drone strike near Bani Walid. Tarhuna 24 said: “Turkish drone targeted a car transfer type veto by citizens of the city of Bani Walid coming from the corner across the road Gharyan. People have been targeted when they arrive to the area Ashmikh thankfully both survived with varying

Summary

First published
May 15, 2020
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike, Drone Strike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Turkish Military
View Incident

Incident date

March 17, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-034

LOCATION

كرزاز, Kerzaz, Misrata, Libya

A father was killed and many members of his family injured by Gaddafi forces tank fire in Misurata, according to an Amnesty International investigation. The Amnesty report noted: “In a separate incident a few hours earlier [on March 17th] in the same area, another family came under fire as they were fleeing Kerzaz in three

Summary

First published
March 17, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
5
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected target
Other
Named victims
5 named, 1 familiy identified
View Incident

Incident date

March 18, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-214

LOCATION

مصراتة, Misurata, Misrata, Libya

One man was allegedly injured by a NATO airstrike while travelling in his car in Misurata. Surt son posted two videos on Youtube of the young man telling his story how he was hit. In the videos he appears severely injured and burned. There is currently no further information available.

Summary

First published
November 1, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
NATO forces
Suspected target
Unknown
View Incident

Incident date

April 30, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-083

LOCATION

مصراتة, MIsrata, Misrata, Libya

On April 30th, 2011, Gaddafi forces shelling of Misrata led to the reported killing of two people and left 17 others injured. According to Al Jazeera, “A number of Libyan civilians and rebels were killed and wounded as a result of the continued bombardment by Gaddafi Brigades of the city of Misurata with rockets and

Summary

First published
April 30, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
4–6
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Gaddafi Forces
Suspected targets
Libyan rebel forces, Other
Belligerents reported killed
0–2
Belligerents reported injured
0–17
View Incident

Incident date

September 25, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-189

LOCATION

سرت‎, Sirte, Surt, Libya

One child was killed by Rebel forces artillery shelling and its mother injured in Sirte, according to the UN. The report said: “Family members interviewed by the Commission stated that a female relative was injured by shrapnel, and her infant daughter was killed, when her home in Hay al-Dollar was hit by Grad rockets in

Summary

First published
September 30, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 child)
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Libyan rebel forces
View Incident

Incident date

March 20, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-043

LOCATION

البوابة الرشقية ألجدابيا, Petrol station in the vicinity Eastern gate of Ajdabiya, Al Wahat, Libya

On February 22nd, 2011, unknown actors killed one civilian and injured another near Ajdabiya, both of the al-Sheikhi family. Ruqaya ‘Abdelghani al-Sheikhi, a 34 year old teacher, was shot and died after being taken to the hospital. Amnesty states “it has not always been possible to establish whether the people killed or injured were deliberately

Summary

First published
March 20, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Ground operation
Civilian harm reported
No
Civilians reported killed
1
Civilians reported injured
1
Named victims
1 named
View Incident

Incident date

November 13, 2011

Incident Code

Lib2011-215

LOCATION

سرت‎, Sirte, Surt, Libya

Between three and five men were killed in Sirte on November 13, 2011 when they were executed by rebels. A video posted by Echorouk Online on YouTube shows the bodied of at least three dead men and many others with weapons surrounding them.

Summary

First published
November 13, 2011
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Ground operation
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
3 – 5
(3–5 men)
Cause of injury / death
Small arms and light weapons
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected target
Libyan rebel forces
View Incident