Israel and Gaza 2023

Satellite imagery, screenshot from Google Earth, October 2023

Belligerent
Israeli Military
Country
Syria
the Gaza Strip
start date
end date
Civilian Harm Status
Belligerent Assessment
Declassified Documents
Infrastructure

Incident date

October 22, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0466

LOCATION

بلوك 12 ,البريج , Block 12, Al Bureij, Deir Al Balah, the Gaza Strip

A husband and wife were killed and four others injured after an alleged Israeli bombardment on Block 12 of the al-Bureij camp on October 22nd, 2023. 65-year old Arif Ahmed Al-Nabahin was killed with his wife, 59-year old Mona Abdel Rahman Al-Nabahin. The strike was initially reported by Safa News at 10:36am, and has been

Summary

First published
May 1, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2
(1 woman1 man)
Civilians reported injured
4
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
2 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
2
Geolocation
Town
View Incident

Incident date

October 20, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0415c

LOCATION

The Gaza Strip, the Gaza Strip

On Friday, October 20th, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike killed at least one civilian in the Gaza Strip; it is unknown whether others were killed or injured. The victim was identified as 22-year-old Louay al-Zuhairi. Louay was the first in his family to attend university, and was close to graduating at the time of his

Summary

First published
October 20, 2023
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
1 named
Names matched with MoH IDs
1
View Incident

Incident date

October 22, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0480

LOCATION

بالقرب من مسجد الرضوان، الشيخ رضوان، مدينة غزة, Vicinity of Ar Ridwan Mosque, Sheikh Radwan neighbourhood, Gaza City, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On Sunday, October 22nd 2023, the home of the Abu Al-Omrain family in Sheikh Radwan neighbourhood, northern Gaza Strip, was allegedly bombed by an Israeli military aircraft, resulting in eleven civilian deaths and other injuries. Rabab Abu Hatab, in a post on Facebook, reported that the bombing destroyed not only the Abu Al-Omrain family home

Summary

First published
October 22, 2023
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Apartment Building
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
11
(5 children2 women4 men)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
11 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
5
Geolocation
Exact location (via Airwars)
View Incident

Incident date

October 24, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0558

LOCATION

مسجد سعد بن أبي وقاص تل السلطان, Vicinity of Saad bin Abi Waqas Mosque, Tal Al Sultan area, Rafah, the Gaza Strip

Shortly before 1:48 AM on October 24th 2023, 21 members of the Mukhaimer family, including at least eight women and one child, were killed and at least several family members, including an infant, were injured in an alleged Israeli airstrike on their home located in the Tal Al-Sultan area, west of Rafah, in the southern

Summary

First published
June 1, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
21
(1–2 children8–9 women11 men)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Impact
Education
Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
22 named, 3 families identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
17
Geolocation
Exact location (via Airwars)
View Incident

Incident date

October 13, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0178

LOCATION

حي الجنينة، رفح, Al Geneina neighborhood, Rafah, Rafah, the Gaza Strip

Shortly before 8:56 AM on Friday, October 13th 2023, three houses, among them a house of the Al-Khayyat family, located in the Al Geneina neighborhood of Rafah, Gaza Strip, were destroyed in an alleged Israeli airstrike, killing at least 16 civilians, including four women, eight children, and an infant boy, and injuring a number of

Summary

First published
June 1, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
16 – 18
(9 children4 women3 men)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Impact
Education,Healthcare
Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
17 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
15
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

November 10, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT1023

LOCATION

جباليا, Jabalia, North Gaza, the Gaza Strip

At least 10 people were reportedly killed on Friday, November 10, 2023, when a home near the al-Nadi and al-Nazla areas of the Jabalia camp and the Al-Halabi roundabout area in Jabalia were allegedly hit by an Israeli Military airstrike. Shehab News Agency reported that more than 10 people were killed by an Israeli bombing

Summary

First published
April 1, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
10 – 11
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Town
View Incident

Incident date

October 25, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0621

LOCATION

شارع الثلاثيني, al Thalatheni Street, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On October 25th 2023, the Al-Balaawi family home was bombed by an alleged Israeli aircraft in an airstrike, killing at least four people and wounding a number of others. All of the sources provided identical information on the strike and the resulting casualties. The strike reportedly occurred next to the Litro station on Al-Thalatheini Street

Summary

First published
July 30, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Single source claim
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Weak
Single source claim, though sometimes featuring significant information.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Street
View Incident

Incident date

October 30, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0753

LOCATION

بالقرب من مستشفى الصداقة التركي في مدينة غزة, Vicinity of Turkish Friendship Hospital, Gaza City, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On October 30th, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike hit the Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital just south of Gaza City. It is unclear whether injuries occurred directly from the strike. While Shehab Agency said civilians were wounded, MSF reported “no patients were harmed.” The strike nevertheless put great strain on the hospital and patients’ well-being, ultimately reportedly

Summary

First published
August 5, 2024
Last updated
February 7, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Healthcare
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
4
Civilians reported injured
0–2
Causes of injury / death
Denial of access to/destruction of objects indispensable to survival, Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Impact
Healthcare
Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

October 30, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0763

LOCATION

بالقرب من ميدان أنور عزيزم، مخيم جباليا, Vicinity of Anwar Aziz Square, Jabalia Refugee Camp, North Gaza, the Gaza Strip

During the day on Monday, 30 October 2023, “injuries” were reported after an alleged Israeli airstrike in the Anwar Aziz area in the center of Jabalia refugee camp in the north of the Gaza Strip. Photographs were released and reshared by a number of media outlets and social media users showing two young men carried

Summary

First published
September 24, 2024
Last updated
December 15, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

October 29, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0737

LOCATION

حي الجنينة، رفح, Al-Geneina neighbourhood, Rafah, Rafah, the Gaza Strip

On the morning of Sunday, October 29th, 2023, a young Palestinian woman along with her two small children was reportedly killed, and at least two children and an elderly man were injured, as a result of an alleged Israeli airstrike on a the Al-Maghari family home located next to Al-Shaer Mall in the Al-Geneina neighbourhood

Summary

First published
August 5, 2024
Last updated
February 7, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp, Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
3
(2 children1 woman)
Civilians reported injured
3
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
3 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
3
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

May 12, 2024

Incident Code

ISPT120524k

LOCATION

الزيتون، مدينة غزة, Al-Zeitoun neighbourhood, Gaza City, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On May 12, 2024, a Palestinian civilian male Fathi Shanioura (Abu Rushidi) was allegedly killed when Israeli forces reportedly invaded the Al-Zeitoun neighbourhood of Gaza City in the Gaza Strip. The precise circumstances surrounding the incident remain unclear. Friends and family members took to social media to mourn the loss and commemorate Fathi Shanioura as a

Summary

First published
August 5, 2024
Last updated
April 16, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Ground operation
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
1 named
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

November 1, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0814

LOCATION

مخيم النصيرات, Nuseirat camp, Deir al-Balah, the Gaza Strip

Between two and six civilians were reportedly killed and a number of civilians were injured in an alleged Israeli airstrike on a civilian parked car in the Ard Al-Mufti area of the Nuseirat Refugee Camp located in central Gaza, next to a boys’ school used as a shelter. The strike happened shortly before 2pm on

Summary

First published
September 28, 2024
Last updated
January 30, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
2 – 6
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Town
View Incident

Incident date

October 31, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0791

LOCATION

شارع النديم بحي الزيتون، مدينة غزة, Al-Nadim Street, Al-Zaytoun neighbourhood, Gaza City, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Before dawn on October 31, 2023, nine people – including four children – were killed and dozens of others injured in an alleged Israeli bombing of the Abu Suriya family home on al-Nadim Street in the al-Zaytoun neighbourhood of Gaza City in the Gaza Strip. Dr. Munther Muhammad Youssef Abu Suriya (51) was killed along with

Summary

First published
October 24, 2024
Last updated
February 7, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
9
(4 children2 women3 men)
Civilians reported injured
12–24
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Impact
Healthcare
Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
9 named, 2 families identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
9
Geolocation
Street
View Incident

Incident date

October 28, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0683

LOCATION

بالقرب من نادي خدمات جباليا، جباليا, Vicinity of Jabalia Services Club, Jabalia, North Gaza, the Gaza Strip

Shortly before 9:02 AM on Saturday, October 28th, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike hit the al-Kurdi family home located behind the Jabalia Services Club in the Northern Gaza Strip and killed nine identified civilians, making up three generations, and injured many civilians. Jameel Saad al-Kurdi was killed alongside his 44-year-old wife Manal al-Kurdi, and their

Summary

First published
October 24, 2024
Last updated
February 3, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp, Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
10
(2–5 children2–4 women2–3 men)
Civilians reported injured
5–10
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
10 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
5
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

July 15, 2024

Incident Code

ISPT150724b

LOCATION

مخيم المغاز, Al-Maghazi refugee camp, Deir al-Balah, the Gaza Strip

On July 15th, 2024, shortly before 5:05 PM, an alleged Israeli airstrike on Mohammed Salem Salama’s house in the al-Maghazi refugee camp killed him alongside his wife Iman Salama and their three daughters Maryam Salama, Banan Salama, and Afnan Salama. Jihad Rakha, a friend of the Salama family, and Sherifa Ismail Saidam, a neighbour of the Salama

Summary

First published
October 24, 2024
Last updated
January 30, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
7
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
7 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
3
Geolocation
Town
View Incident

Incident date

November 6, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0918a

LOCATION

بالقرب من الهلال الأحمر ومستشفى القدس، مدينة غزة, Vicinity of Al-Quds Hospital, Gaza City, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On November 6, 2023, a Palestinian Red Crescent paramedic named Ramadan Ashour was injured by an alleged Israeli military bombing of the entrance to al-Quds Hospital, in the west of Gaza City in the Gaza Strip. The day of the bombardment, the Palestinian Red Crescent announced “another violation against al-Quds Hospital and medical and ambulance

Summary

First published
December 15, 2024
Last updated
April 14, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery
Infrastructure
Ambulance, Healthcare
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
1
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Impact
Healthcare
Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
1 named
Geolocation
Nearby landmark
View Incident

Incident date

November 6, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0933b

LOCATION

مخيم جباليا, Jabalia Refugee Camp, North Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On Monday, November 6, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike on the home of the al-Ajrami family in the Jabalia Refugee Camp in the northern Gaza Strip killed at least 12 civilians, including least six children and four women, and injured at least six others. The matriarch of the family, Umm Raed al-Ajrami, was killed alongside

Summary

First published
January 9, 2025
Last updated
April 14, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp, Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
12 – 14
(6–8 children4 women2 men)
Civilians reported injured
6
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
18 named, 1 familiy identified
Names matched with MoH IDs
6
Geolocation
Neighbourhood/area
View Incident

Incident date

November 6, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0939

LOCATION

غزه, The Gaza Strip, the Gaza Strip

At least three Palestinian Civil Defense personnel members were injured in an alleged Israeli airstrike and/or artillery strike which reportedly hit them as they were performing rescue operations on the morning of Monday, 6th November 2023. A video, separately shared by numerous sources including news network Al Jazeera, depicted three injured adult male members of

Summary

First published
January 17, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike and/or Artillery
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
Unknown
Civilians reported injured
3–4
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
View Incident

Incident date

November 4, 2023

Incident Code

ISPT0864

LOCATION

بالقرب من شارع البساتين في منطقة عسقلة حي الزيتون بغزة, Vicinity of Al-Basateen Street, Asqoula area, Al-Zeitoun neighbourhood, Gaza City, Gaza, the Gaza Strip

On November 4, 2023, an alleged Israeli airstrike on the Al-Khawli family home, located near Al-Basatin Street in the Asqoula area of the Al-Zeitoun neighborhood in Gaza, east of Gaza City, resulted in the deaths of at least nine civilians, including up to five women and three children, all from the same family. Several others

Summary

First published
February 28, 2025
Last updated
April 14, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Airstrike
Infrastructure
Residential
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
9 – 10
(0–3 children1–5 women0–2 men)
Civilians reported injured
2
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Geolocation
Exact location (via Airwars)
View Incident

Incident date

October 17, 2024

Incident Code

ISPT171024f

LOCATION

مدرسة أبو حسين الابتدائية للذكورجباليا, Abu Hussein Elementary School for Boys, Jabalia, North Gaza, the Gaza Strip

In the early afternoon of Thursday, October 17, 2024, alleged Israeli forces (either through artillery strikes or tank fire) hit the Abu Hussein Elementary School for Boys affiliated with the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA) located in the Jabalia Refugee Camp, North Gaza, reportedly killing at least 18 civilians, including

Summary

First published
December 24, 2024
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Artillery, Ground operation
Infrastructure
Education, Food/Water Distribution, Humanitarian, IDP or Refugee Camp, Primary School
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
18 – 35
(2–10 children1–5 women12–15 men)
Civilians reported injured
150
Cause of injury / death
Heavy weapons and explosive munitions
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Impact
Education
Impact on services or infrastructure relating to education, health or food supply. See methodology note for details.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
19 named, 4 families identified
Geolocation
Exact location (via Airwars)
View Incident

Incident date

August 24, 2024

Incident Code

ISPT240824e

LOCATION

شارع 5، خان يونس, Street 5, Khan Younis, Khan Younis, the Gaza Strip

On Saturday, August 24, 2024, Mohammed Izzat bo Ouda, a 48-year-old man, was killed when he was shot by alleged Israeli gunfire. Three others were also injured in the incident as the Israeli forces reportedly opened fire on IDP tents on Street 5, west of Khan Younis. Mohammed and the wounded were taken to the

Summary

First published
January 15, 2025
Last updated
February 4, 2025
Strike status
Likely strike
Strike type
Ground operation
Infrastructure
IDP or Refugee Camp
Civilian harm reported
Yes
Civilians reported killed
1
(1 man)
Civilians reported injured
3
Cause of injury / death
Small arms and light weapons
Airwars civilian harm grading
Fair
Reported by two or more credible sources, with likely or confirmed near actions by a belligerent.
Suspected belligerent
Israeli Military
Named victims
1 named
Geolocation
Street
View Incident